Money

Counting Coins #

Count what the coins are worth, not how many.

Coins are counted by their values, not by how many coins there are

Three 10 cent coins make 30 cents.

Add these values together to make 40 cents.

Dollars and Cents #

A hundred cents trade for one dollar.

One dollar is one hundred cents, and bills count whole dollars

Count up: 25, 50, 75, 100. A hundred cents exactly — one whole dollar.

Those hundred cents trade for one dollar bill. The $ sign counts dollars.

Bills count dollars, coins count cents: 3 dollars and 35 cents.

Making Change #

Count up from the price to what you paid.

Change is the gap between the price and what you paid, counted up from the price

A pencil costs 65 cents. You pay with a dollar — 100 cents.

Count up from the price: 65 and 10 is 75, and 25 more reaches 100.

The coins that filled the gap come back to you: 35 cents of change.

Adding and Subtracting Money #

Dollars with dollars, cents with cents.

Dollars add with dollars and cents with cents, trading 100 cents for a dollar

Add the dollars and the cents in their own columns: $2.45 + $1.30 = $3.75.

When the cents pass 100, a dollar trades up: $2.45 + $1.80 = $4.25.

Short of cents? Break a dollar into 100 of them: $4.25 − $1.80 = $2.45.